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英譯中:Cough syrup

(104 年公務人員特種考試關務人員考試試題) A Taiwanese passenger carrying bottles of cough syrup was stopped and fined by a customs officer at the entry point of an American airport. It turned out that the syrup contained opium, which was deemed illegal by the airport customs security agents. The bottles were later confiscated and the passenger was fined US$500. 美國機場入境站的海關人員,攔停了一名攜有瓶裝糖漿的臺灣旅客。糖漿中含有美國機場海關安全人員認為違法的鴉片成分,隨後被收歸國有。該名旅客則被處以美金 500 元罰金。 (Courtesy: Pxhere)

Fee vs Cost



原始問題(連結):
某購物網會用 shipping fee,但在牛津字典可查到 shipment costs。 所以運費來說用 shipping 成 shipment 呢?

首先,先回答是 shipping 還是 shipment,


根據 MacMillianCollins 字典定義,shipping 亦可指「運送物品所需的費用(尤指船運)」(the cost of carrying goods, especially in a ship),抑或「支付給公司運送貨物的一筆金額」(the amount of money that you pay to a company to transport cargo)

因此運費應是用 shipping 較正確

Fee

Cambridge Dictionary 定義:
an amount of money paid for a particular piece of work or for a particular right or service(連結

Oxford Dictionary 定義:
an amount of money that you pay for professional advice or services(連結

Merriam-Webster Dictionary 定義:
a fixed charge ; a sum paid or charged for a service(連結

由此觀之,fee 應是指為取得特定服務或權利(right)應付(pay)的金額,M-W 字典更指出是「固定費用」。

Cost

Cambridge Dictionary 定義:
the amount of money needed to buy, do, or make something(連結

Oxford Dictionary 定義:
the amount of money that you need in order to buy, make or do something(連結

Merriam-Webster Dictionary 定義:
the amount or equivalent paid or charged for something ; the outlay or expenditure (as of effort or sacrifice) made to achieve an object(連結

而 cost 則應是指購買、取得或從事某件事,所需要的費用(need),M-W 字典定義則指這筆費用不一定是金錢,也可以是等價物(equivalent)。

例句(來源):

At the very top-tier US universities (the majority of which are private non-profits), fees and living costs are likely to add up to around US$60,000 per year, but it’s also possible to study in the US at a much lower outlay.
全美頂尖大學(大多數是私人非營利學校)的學費(fees)與生活費用(costs)可能達到每年 6 萬塊美元左右,但在美國也可能已較少花費讀大學。

因此如果根據 M-W 的定義(fee 是一筆固定費用),會比較好理解問題中究竟是要用「shipping fee」或「shipping costs」。

另外,也可參考 Neo 的「運費的英文該怎麼講?」或者 VoiceTube 的「【實用英文】費用百百種!fee, bill, price, charge差在哪?總整理讓你「錢」進好英文!」以及 Ann 的「[英文易混淆字] rate / price / cost / charge / fee / tuition / fare / toll」這三篇文章,相信會對你很有幫助!


(Courtesy: jie10tw @ Pixabay)

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